On Earth, Among Millions Of Lineages Or

A Species Consists Of A Group Of Populations Which Replace Each Other Geographically Or Ecologically And Of Which The Neighboring Ones Integrate Or Hybridise Wherever They Are In Contact Or Which Are Potentially Capable Of Doing So (with One Or More Of The Populations) In Those Cases Where Contact Is Prevented By Geographical Or Ecological Barriers.

Wherever We Look At The Living Biota … Discontinuities Are Overwhelmingly Frequent…the Discontinuities Are Even More Striking In The Fossil Record. New Species Usually Appear In The Fossil Record Suddenly, Not Connected With Their Ancestors By A Series Of Intermediates.

On Earth, Among Millions Of Lineages Or Organisms And Perhaps 50 Billion Speciation Events, Only One Led To High Intelligence ; This Makes Me Believe Its Utter Improbablity.

As A Consequence, Geneticists Described Evolution Simply As A Change In Gene Frequencies In Populations, Totally Ignoring The Fact That Evolution Consists Of The Two Simultaneous But Quite Separate Phenomena Of Adaptation And Diversification.

Evolution Thus Is Merely Contingent On Certain Processes Articulated By Darwin: Variation And Selection.