Dissent Is The Mark Of Freedom.

Knowledge Is Not A Loose Leaf Notebook Of Facts.

The Principle Of Tolerance, Fixed Once For All The Realization That All Knowledge Is Limited. It Is An Irony Of History That At The Very Time When This Was Being Worked Out, There Should Rise, Under Hitler In Germany And Other Tyrants Elsewhere, A Counter-conception: A Principle Of Monstrous Certainty. When The Future Looks Back On The 1930's, It Will Think Of Them As A Crucial Confrontation Of Culture As I Have Been Expounding It - The Ascent Of Man Against The Throwback To The Despots' Belief That They Have Absolute Certainty.

Dissent Is The Mark Of Freedom.

There Are Two Parts To The Human Dilemma. One Is The Belief That The End Justifies The Means. That Push-button Philosophy, That Deliberate Deafness To Suffering, Has Become The Monster In The War Machine. The Other Is The Betrayal Of The Human Spirit: The Assertion Of Dogma That Closes The Mind, And Turns A Nation, A Civilization, Into A Regiment Of Ghosts--obedient Ghosts Or Tortured Ghosts.

The Values By Which We Are To Survive Are Not Rules For Just And Unjust Conduct, But Are Those Deeper Illuminations In Whose Light Justice And Injustice, Good And Evil, Means And Ends Are Seen In Fearful Sharpness Of Outline.