All Significant Breakthroughs Are Break -“withs” Old

All Crises Begin With The Blurring Of A Paradigm And The Consequent Loosening Of The Rules For Normal Research. .. Or Finally, The Case That Will Most Concern Us Here, A Crisis May End With The Emergence Of A New Candidate For Paradigm And With The Ensuing Battle Over Its Acceptance.

Political Revolutions Aim To Change Political Institutions In Ways That Those Institutions Themselves Prohibit. Their Success Therefore Necessitates The Partial Relinquishment Of One Set Of Institutions In Favor Of Another, And In The Interim, Society Is Not Fully Governed By Institutions At All

The Decision To Reject One Paradigm Is Always Simultaneously The Decision To Accept Another, And The Judgment Leading To That Decision Involves The Comparison Of Both Paradigms With Nature And With Each Other.

Though The World Does Not Change With A Change Of Paradigm, The Scientist Afterward Works In A Different World... I Am Convinced That We Must Learn To Make Sense Of Statements That At Least Resemble These. What Occurs During A Scientific Revolution Is Not Fully Reducible To A Re-interpretation Of Individual And Stable Data. In The First Place, The Data Are Not Unequivocally Stable.

Far From Being Magisterial In Its Objectivity, Science Was Conditioned By History, Society, And The Prejudices Of Scientists.