What Is Rational Is Actual And What

What History Teaches Us Is That Neither Nations Nor Governments Ever Learn Anything From It.

The More Certain Our Knowledge The Less We Know.

Regarding History As The Slaughter-bench At Which The Happiness Of Peoples, The Wisdom Of States, And The Virtue Of Individuals Have Been Victimized--the Question Involuntarily Arises--to What Principle, To What Final Aim These Enormous Sacrifices Have Been Offered.

The Spirit Is Never At Rest, But Always Engaged In Progressive Motion, Giving Itself New Form.

Rulers, Statesmen, Nations, Are Wont To Be Emphatically Commended To The Teaching Which Experience Offers In History. But What Experience And History Teach Is This - That People And Governments Never Have Learned Anything From History, Or Acted On Principles Deduced From It. Each Period Is Involved In Such Peculiar Circumstances, Exhibits A Condition Of Things So Strictly Idiosyncratic, That Its Conduct Must Be Regulated By Considerations Connected With Itself, And Itself Alone.