Self-efficacy Is The Belief In One's Capabilities

Perceived Self-efficacy Influences The Types Of Causal Attributions People Make For Their Performances

People's Conceptions About Themselves And The Nature Of Things Are Developed And Verified Through Four Different Processes: Direct Experience Of The Effects Produced By Their Actions, Vicarious Experience Of The Effects Produced By Somebody Else's Actions, Judgments Voiced By Others, And Derivation Of Further Knowledge From What They Already Know By Using Rules Of Inference

Through Their Capacity To Manipulate Symbols And To Engage In Reflective Thought, People Can Generate Novel Ideas And Innovative Actions That Transcend Their Past Experiences

Convictions That Outcomes Are Determined By One's Own Actions Can Be Either Demoralizing Or Heartening, Depending On The Level Of Self-judged Efficacy. People Who Regard Outcomes As Personally Determined, But Who Lack The Requisite Skills, Would Experience Low Self-efficacy And View The Activities With A Sense Of Futility

Misbeliefs In One's Inefficacy May Retard Development Of The Very Subskills Upon Which More Complex Performances Depend