Misbeliefs In One's Inefficacy May Retard Development

Among The Types Of Thoughts That Affect Action, None Is More Central Or Pervasive Than People's Judgments Of Their Capabilities To Deal Effectively With Different Realities

The Content Of Most Textbooks Is Perishable, But The Tools Of Self-directedness Serve One Well Over Time.

Even Noteworthy Performance Attainments Do Not Necessarily Boost Perceived Self-efficacy

What People Think, Believe, And Feel Affects How They Behave. The Natural And Extrinsic Effects Of Their Actions, In Turn, Partly Determine Their Thought Patterns And Affective Reactions.

The Difficulty In Judging What Type Of Behavior Works Well Arises Not Only Because A Given Course Of Action Does Not Always Produce The Outcomes. Similar Outcomes Can Occur For Reasons Other Than The Person's Actions, Which Further Complicates Inferential Judgment. Effects That Arise Independently Of One's Actions Distort The Influence Of Similar Effects Produced By The Actions, But Only On Some Occasions. Given A Strong Cognitive Set To Perceive Regularities, Even Chance Joint Occurrences Of Events Can Be Easily Misjudged As Genuine Relationships Of Low Contingent Probability